Dental calculus, also known as tartar, is a layer formed by the hardening of microbial buildup from food residues on teeth over time. The bacteria found within dental calculus can lead to gum diseases. Therefore, it is essential to remove it from the tooth surface.
To prevent the formation of dental calculus, meticulous oral care is required. For removing existing dental calculus, it is necessary to have a dental cleaning performed by a dentist at regular intervals. If dental calculus is not cleaned and continues to accumulate, it can lead to severe problems, including tooth loss. This is because dental calculus gradually builds up and extends towards the root areas of the teeth, causing the bone tissue around the roots to erode. When the bone tissue that protects and supports the teeth diminishes, the tooth starts to loosen, and eventually, one might need to have it extracted.
Dentists use various tools to remove dental calculus from the tooth surface. Specially designed hand instruments and ultrasonic devices are generally used in combination for this procedure. Following this, a thorough polishing is performed to restore the tooth surface to its natural smooth state, preventing plaque accumulation on the surface.
Professional dentists, the necessary conditions, and appropriate tools are required to clean dental calculus. There is little that can be done at home for the removal of dental calculus. Attempting to scrape off dental calculus using various tools at home is neither hygienic nor effective. Additionally, such attempts can irritate the gums and damage the tooth enamel.
While there is not much that can be done at home to clean dental calculus, there are many things that can be done to prevent or slow its formation. First and foremost, teeth should be brushed at least twice a day for an adequate duration using a fluoride toothpaste and a medium-bristled toothbrush. It is important to ensure that all surfaces of the teeth are brushed thoroughly. Special attention should be given to cleaning the surfaces of the teeth that face the tongue. Traditional toothbrushes might not be sufficient for cleaning the back surfaces of the lower front teeth. Using electric toothbrushes can be beneficial for cleaning these areas.
Dental floss should be used to clean between the teeth. Attention should also be given to cleaning the tongue’s surface. Using mouthwash at regular intervals is also beneficial. If you use tobacco products, quitting them can help reduce the risk of dental calculus formation. Additionally, consuming solid foods such as fresh vegetables and fruits contributes to the natural cleaning of the teeth.
If dental calculus formation cannot be prevented, it is essential to visit the dentist every six months for a check-up. Generally, a dental cleaning procedure, which usually takes about 25-30 minutes and often requires only one session, can be performed to maintain oral health without the need for local anesthesia. Post-procedure, sensitivity to hot and cold may be experienced. There is no harm in using painkillers if needed. If there are no blood pressure problems, gargling with salt water is recommended to help the gums heal faster.
